Bulbophyllum Cornutum

Bulbophyllum cornutum is a captivating, miniature epiphytic orchid species renowned for its bizarre, horn-like flowers emerging from distinctive bristle-covered pseudobulbs, making it a standout for collectors seeking unique tropical oddities.​

Detailed Description and Characteristics

This compact, pseudobulbous epiphyte features ovoid pseudobulbs (1-2 cm) spaced 1.5-5 cm apart, densely enveloped in long, stiff bristles for protection; each bears a single thick, elliptic-to-ovate apical leaf (3-6 cm long, dark green). A basal, erect-to-patent inflorescence produces one striking flower (ca. 1-2 cm): sepals and petals in earthy tones with elongated, curved “horns,” a hinged labellum that catapults pollinators (flies), often emitting a pungent odor. Rhizome creeps slowly, forming clustering growths up to 15-20 cm wide.​

Origin and Habitat

Native to hill and lower montane forests (900-1700m+ elevation) in Borneo, Java (Indonesia), and the Philippines; thrives as an epiphyte on mossy tree trunks in humid, shaded cloud forests with consistent moisture and airflow. Pseudobulbous adaptation suits intermediate, wet tropics; vulnerable to habitat loss.​

Cultivation Guide

Light: Bright indirect (20,000-35,000 lux, east/south shaded); wider leaves tolerate less. Temperature: Intermediate/warm grower, 21-27°C days (min 15°C nights, drop 6-8°C for bloom). Humidity: 60-90%, mist daily. Water: Frequent (every 2-4 days or twice daily mounted), keep evenly moist but airy—fine roots rot if soggy/dry. Fertilizer: 1/4-1/2 strength balanced (e.g., 20-20-20) weekly, flush salts monthly; high-bloom formula in spring. Potting mix: Coarse—50% sphagnum moss, 30% medium bark/chopped coconut husk, 20% perlite/charcoal; prefer mounts on cork slabs or slatted baskets. Repot every 2-3 years in spring when rhizomes overflow.​

Blooming Time and Propagation

Blooms summer (potentially spring/autumn or year-round with conditions), flowers last 5-7 days but sequential for extended display. Propagate by rhizome division (spring/autumn, 2-3 pseudobulbs per section, sterile tools); heal in high humidity. Seed rare/slow.​

Specialties, Uses, and Special Care

Specialty: “Horned” flowers attract via fly-pollinating mechanism—ornamental thrill for Bulbophyllum enthusiasts. No major medicinal/economic uses; niche horticulture highlights biodiversity. Special care: Strong airflow prevents fungal issues from wetness; avoid salts buildup; monitor for pests (scale/mealybugs). Challenging but rewarding for intermediates.​